Digambara

Definition

Digambara refers to one of the two main sects within Jainism, characterized by its belief that ascetic monks should renounce all worldly possessions, including clothing. This sect emphasizes strict adherence to ascetic practices as a means to achieve liberation and highlights the importance of non-attachment to the material world. The Digambara community holds unique interpretations of Jain texts and rituals, setting it apart from the other major sect, Svetambara.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Digambaras believe that true renunciation requires complete nudity, which symbolizes total detachment from material possessions.
2. The sect places a strong emphasis on the importance of male ascetics, as they believe only men can attain the highest spiritual state.
3. Digambara texts and teachings often include distinct philosophical concepts that contrast with those found in Svetambara beliefs.
4. The practice of non-violence (ahimsa) is a core principle for Digambaras, who advocate for extreme forms of this principle, including vegetarianism and avoidance of any harm to living beings.
5. Digambara temples often feature intricate carvings and are significant cultural centers for followers of this sect, reflecting their rich artistic traditions.

Review Questions

• How does the belief system of the Digambara sect differ from that of the Svetambara sect within Jainism?
  • The Digambara sect differs from the Svetambara sect primarily in their views on ascetic practices and attire. Digambaras believe that true ascetics must renounce all possessions, including clothing, to symbolize complete detachment from worldly attachments. In contrast, Svetambaras allow their monks to wear simple white robes. These differing views lead to variations in rituals and interpretations of scripture between the two sects.
• Analyze the role of asceticism in the beliefs and practices of the Digambara sect and its significance in Jainism as a whole.
  • Asceticism is central to the beliefs and practices of the Digambara sect, where it is seen as essential for achieving liberation (moksha). By renouncing all worldly possessions and comforts, Digambaras cultivate non-attachment and self-discipline. This extreme form of asceticism emphasizes the importance of leading a life focused on spiritual purity, which is significant in Jainism's broader teaching on non-violence and ethical living.
• Evaluate how the cultural expressions found in Digambara temples reflect their theological beliefs and communal values.
  • The cultural expressions in Digambara temples reflect their theological beliefs by emphasizing themes of detachment and spiritual ascendance. The intricate carvings and architectural designs often depict stories of Tirthankaras, highlighting their commitment to non-violence and ascetic practices. These artistic expressions serve not only as religious symbols but also reinforce communal values such as discipline, devotion, and a shared identity among followers, further embedding these ideals into their cultural fabric.

Related terms

Jainism:

An ancient Indian religion that teaches the path to spiritual purity and enlightenment through a disciplined life of non-violence, truth, and asceticism.

Svetambara:

The other main sect of Jainism that differs from Digambara in beliefs regarding ascetic practices, clothing for monks, and interpretations of scripture.

Asceticism: A lifestyle characterized by abstinence from various worldly pleasures and indulgences, often for the purpose of pursuing spiritual goals.