Coherence theory

Definition

Coherence theory is a philosophical concept that defines truth in terms of the consistency and logical interconnections among a set of beliefs or propositions. According to this theory, a statement is considered true if it coherently fits within a larger system of beliefs, creating a harmonious structure where all beliefs support each other.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Coherence theory emphasizes the importance of the relationships between beliefs rather than their relation to an external reality.
2. The theory suggests that beliefs are justified if they fit well with other beliefs in a systematic way, creating a unified view.
3. Critics argue that coherence theory can lead to relativism, as multiple coherent belief systems may contradict each other while still being considered true.
4. Coherence theorists often rely on the idea of a 'web of beliefs' where strength lies in the interrelations and support among beliefs.
5. In the context of justification, coherence theory posits that justification for a belief is found within the overall coherence of one's belief system.

Review Questions

• How does coherence theory differ from correspondence theory in defining truth?
  • Coherence theory differs from correspondence theory by focusing on the relationships among beliefs rather than their alignment with external realities. While correspondence theory asserts that a statement is true if it corresponds to facts or states of affairs in the world, coherence theory posits that truth is determined by the degree to which beliefs cohere with one another within a system. This means that a belief can be true based on its logical integration with other beliefs, even if it does not correspond to an external reality.
• Discuss the implications of coherence theory for the justification of beliefs and how it relates to the concept of relativism.
  • Coherence theory has significant implications for how beliefs are justified, as it suggests that justification comes from the internal consistency and support within a web of beliefs. This creates challenges related to relativism because multiple coherent belief systems can exist simultaneously, each claiming truth while contradicting others. If different individuals or cultures have coherent but opposing belief systems, coherence theory raises questions about whether there is an objective truth or if truth becomes subjective and dependent on one's particular belief framework.
• Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of coherence theory in comparison to other theories of truth and justification.
  • Coherence theory's strength lies in its emphasis on the systematic connections between beliefs, promoting a holistic understanding of knowledge. It allows for flexible interpretations based on internal consistency rather than rigid adherence to external facts. However, its weaknesses include the risk of endorsing contradictory belief systems as 'true' if they are coherent within their own contexts. This could lead to relativism, making it difficult to establish universally accepted truths. In comparison to theories like correspondence or pragmatic theories, coherence theory may struggle to provide an adequate foundation for determining truth due to its inherent subjectivity.

Related terms

Correspondence Theory: A theory that defines truth as a correspondence between statements and the actual state of affairs or reality.

Pragmatism:

A philosophical approach that evaluates theories and beliefs based on their practical applications and effects.

Justification: The process of providing reasons or evidence to support a belief or claim, often examined in relation to coherence theory.