Sulfonylurea antidiabetic

Definition

Sulfonylurea antidiabetics are a class of medications used to manage type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cells. They help lower blood glucose levels but carry a risk of hypoglycemia.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sulfonylureas work by binding to receptors on pancreatic beta cells, leading to increased insulin release.
2. Common examples of sulfonylurea drugs include glipizide, glyburide, and glimepiride.
3. Patients on sulfonylureas must monitor for signs of hypoglycemia, such as dizziness, sweating, and confusion.
4. These medications are often used when diet and exercise alone do not adequately control blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes.
5. Sulfonylureas can interact with other drugs like NSAIDs and anticoagulants, which may enhance their hypoglycemic effects.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action for sulfonylurea antidiabetics?
• Name three common sulfonylurea drugs used in the management of type 2 diabetes.
• What are some potential interactions that could increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taking sulfonylureas?

Related terms

Insulin:

A hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels.

Hypoglycemia:

A condition characterized by abnormally low blood sugar levels.

Biguanides:

Another class of oral antidiabetic drugs that reduce glucose production in the liver.