Simvastatin

Definition

Simvastatin is a lipid-lowering medication that inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a central role in the production of cholesterol. It is primarily used to lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and reduce cardiovascular risk.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Simvastatin belongs to the drug class known as statins or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.
2. It is commonly prescribed to reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, and other cardiovascular complications.
3. Simvastatin can cause side effects such as muscle pain, liver damage, and increased blood sugar levels.
4. The effectiveness of simvastatin can be impacted by interactions with certain foods like grapefruit and other medications.
5. Monitoring liver enzymes before starting therapy and periodically thereafter is recommended for patients on simvastatin.

Review Questions

• What enzyme does Simvastatin inhibit to lower cholesterol levels?
• Name two potential side effects associated with Simvastatin use.
• Why should patients on Simvastatin avoid consuming grapefruit?

Related terms

Atorvastatin:

Another statin used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce cardiovascular risk.

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: A class of drugs that reduce cholesterol production by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase.

PCSK9 Inhibitors:

A newer class of drugs that help lower LDL cholesterol by preventing PCSK9 from degrading LDL receptors.