Serum albumin

Definition

Serum albumin is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma, primarily produced by the liver. It plays a critical role in maintaining osmotic pressure and transporting hormones, vitamins, and drugs.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Serum albumin levels are used to assess kidney function, as low levels can indicate renal impairment.
2. It helps maintain fluid balance within blood vessels by exerting oncotic pressure.
3. Albumin binds to various substances including drugs, affecting their distribution and efficacy.
4. Low serum albumin levels can lead to edema due to fluid leaking into tissues.
5. Normal serum albumin range in adults is typically between 3.5 to 5.0 g/dL.

Review Questions

• How does serum albumin contribute to maintaining fluid balance in the body?
• What could low levels of serum albumin indicate about kidney function?
• Why is it important for drugs to bind with serum albumin?

Related terms

Oncotic Pressure:

The form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins, notably albumin, in blood plasma that tends to pull water into the circulatory system.

Edema:

A condition characterized by an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body.

Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR):

A test used to check how well the kidneys are functioning by estimating how much blood passes through the glomeruli each minute.