Phenylacetic acid derivatives

Definition

Phenylacetic acid derivatives are a class of compounds often used in the formulation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). They help reduce inflammation and alleviate pain by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Phenylacetic acid derivatives inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, reducing prostaglandin synthesis.
2. These derivatives are commonly used to treat conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and other inflammatory disorders.
3. Side effects can include gastrointestinal irritation, ulcers, and renal impairment due to COX-1 inhibition.
4. Examples of phenylacetic acid derivatives include diclofenac and aceclofenac.
5. They are metabolized primarily in the liver and excreted via the kidneys.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action for phenylacetic acid derivatives?
• Name two common medical conditions treated with phenylacetic acid derivatives.
• What are some potential side effects associated with phenylacetic acid derivatives?

Related terms

NSAIDs:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that reduce inflammation and pain without steroids.

COX-1 Enzyme: An enzyme that helps produce protective gastric mucosa and regulates platelet function.

Prostaglandins:

Lipid compounds that have diverse hormone-like effects, including promoting inflammation.