Mallory-Weis tears are lacerations that occur at the junction of the esophagus and stomach, often due to severe vomiting or retching. They can cause significant bleeding and require medical intervention.
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Mallory-Weis tears are frequently associated with chronic alcohol abuse.
Symptoms include vomiting blood (hematemesis) and melena (black, tarry stools).
Diagnosis is typically confirmed via endoscopy.
Initial treatment often involves stabilizing the patient and may include blood transfusions if significant blood loss has occurred.
Pharmacological management may involve proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 receptor antagonists to reduce gastric acidity and protect the mucosa.
Review Questions
What are common symptoms associated with Mallory-Weis tears?
How is a Mallory-Weis tear typically diagnosed?
What pharmacological treatments are used in managing Mallory-Weis tears?
Related terms
Endoscopy: A diagnostic procedure where a flexible tube with a camera is used to visualize the gastrointestinal tract.
Hematemesis: Vomiting of blood, which can be a symptom of gastrointestinal bleeding such as from a Mallory-Weis tear.
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): A class of medications that reduce stomach acid production and are used in treating conditions like GERD and peptic ulcers.