Pharmacology for Nurses

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Lower respiratory system

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Pharmacology for Nurses

Definition

The lower respiratory system includes the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. It is responsible for gas exchange and delivering oxygen to the bloodstream.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. The trachea divides into two main bronchi that enter each lung.
  2. Alveoli are tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs.
  3. Bronchioles are smaller branches of the bronchi that lead to alveoli.
  4. Surfactant in the alveoli prevents them from collapsing.
  5. Common conditions affecting this system include asthma, bronchitis, and pneumonia.

Review Questions

  • What structures are included in the lower respiratory system?
  • Where does gas exchange occur in the lower respiratory system?
  • Name a substance that prevents alveolar collapse.

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