Intravenous (IV) fluid therapy

Definition

Intravenous (IV) fluid therapy involves the administration of fluids directly into a vein to maintain or restore fluid balance, electrolyte levels, and overall hydration. It is commonly used in clinical settings for patients who cannot take fluids orally.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. There are three main types of IV fluids: isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic.
2. Isotonic solutions, such as normal saline and lactated Ringer's, have the same osmolarity as blood plasma.
3. Hypotonic solutions have a lower osmolarity than blood plasma and are used to treat cellular dehydration.
4. Hypertonic solutions have a higher osmolarity than blood plasma and are used to treat severe hyponatremia and cerebral edema.
5. Complications of IV fluid therapy can include phlebitis, infiltration, air embolism, and fluid overload.

Review Questions

• What are the three main types of IV fluids?
• When would a hypotonic solution be administered?
• Name two complications associated with IV fluid therapy.

Related terms

Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN): A method of feeding that bypasses the gastrointestinal tract by delivering nutrients directly into the bloodstream.

Electrolytes:

Minerals in body fluids that carry an electric charge essential for various physiological functions.

Phlebitis:

Inflammation of a vein often caused by irritation from IV catheters or medications.