High-density lipoproteins (HDL or HDL-cholesterol)

Definition

High-density lipoproteins (HDL or HDL-cholesterol) are a class of lipoproteins known for their role in transporting cholesterol from the arteries to the liver for excretion or reuse. HDL is often termed 'good' cholesterol because high levels are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. HDL particles help remove excess cholesterol from arterial walls, reducing plaque buildup.
2. Higher levels of HDL are generally associated with a reduced risk of heart disease and stroke.
3. Pharmacological agents like niacin can increase HDL levels in the blood.
4. HDL is composed mainly of proteins, making it denser than low-density lipoproteins (LDL).
5. Lifestyle factors such as regular exercise and a healthy diet can naturally elevate HDL levels.

Review Questions

• What role does HDL play in cholesterol transport?
• How do higher levels of HDL affect cardiovascular health?
• Which pharmacological agent is known to increase HDL levels?

Related terms

Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL): A type of lipoprotein often termed 'bad' cholesterol because it contributes to plaque buildup in arteries.

Apolipoproteins: Protein components of lipoproteins that help stabilize the lipid structure and are involved in lipid metabolism.

Niacin:

A B-vitamin used pharmacologically to increase HDL levels and lower triglycerides.