Glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c)

Definition

Glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) is a form of hemoglobin that is chemically linked to glucose. It reflects the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) levels are used to diagnose and monitor diabetes.
2. The A1c test measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is glycosylated, with normal levels being below 5.7%.
3. An A1c level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes.
4. Testing for A1c does not require fasting, making it more convenient than some other blood glucose tests.
5. Factors such as anemia or other hemoglobinopathies can affect A1c results.

Review Questions

• What does an A1c level indicate in a diabetic patient?
• Why is the A1c test considered convenient compared to other glucose tests?
• What conditions might interfere with accurate A1c readings?

Related terms

Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG): A test that measures blood sugar levels after an overnight fast.

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): A test where blood glucose levels are measured before and after consuming a sugary drink.

Insulin:

A hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular uptake of glucose.