First-generation antipsychotics

Definition

First-generation antipsychotics, also known as typical antipsychotics, are a class of drugs used primarily to manage psychosis, particularly in schizophrenia. They work mainly by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. First-generation antipsychotics are effective in treating positive symptoms of schizophrenia such as hallucinations and delusions.
2. Common examples include haloperidol, chlorpromazine, and fluphenazine.
3. These drugs can cause extrapyramidal side effects (EPS), which include tremors and rigidity.
4. They have a higher risk of causing tardive dyskinesia compared to second-generation antipsychotics.
5. First-generation antipsychotics can also be used to treat acute mania and severe agitation.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action for first-generation antipsychotics?
• Name two common side effects associated with first-generation antipsychotics.
• List three examples of first-generation antipsychotic medications.

Related terms

Second-generation Antipsychotics: A newer class of antipsychotic drugs that generally have fewer extrapyramidal side effects.

Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS): Drug-induced movement disorders that may include tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and tardive dyskinesia.

Tardive Dyskinesia:

A serious side effect involving repetitive, involuntary movements, often caused by long-term use of first-generation antipsychotics.