Calcium channel blocker

Definition

Calcium channel blockers are medications that inhibit the movement of calcium ions through calcium channels, primarily in the heart and blood vessels. They are used to manage hypertension, angina, and certain dysrhythmias.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Calcium channel blockers can be classified into two main types: dihydropyridines (e.g., amlodipine) and non-dihydropyridines (e.g., verapamil).
2. These medications cause vasodilation, which reduces blood pressure and decreases the workload on the heart.
3. Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers can decrease heart rate and are often used in treating arrhythmias.
4. Common side effects include dizziness, headache, flushing, and peripheral edema.
5. They should be used cautiously in patients with heart failure or bradycardia due to their negative inotropic and chronotropic effects.

Review Questions

• What are the two main types of calcium channel blockers?
• How do calcium channel blockers help in managing hypertension?
• What are some common side effects of calcium channel blockers?

Related terms

Dihydropyridines:

A subclass of calcium channel blockers primarily affecting vascular smooth muscle, leading to vasodilation.

Non-Dihydropyridines: A subclass of calcium channel blockers that affect both the heart and blood vessels, useful for treating arrhythmias.

Vasodilation:

The widening of blood vessels resulting from relaxation of smooth muscle cells within vessel walls.