Nail clubbing is a physical deformity of the fingernails characterized by thickening and curvature of the nail bed. It is often associated with chronic pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases.
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Nail clubbing can be an indicator of chronic hypoxia, often seen in diseases like COPD and lung cancer.
The condition may result from increased blood flow to the fingertips, leading to changes in connective tissue.
Nutritional deficiencies, particularly in protein and vitamins, may exacerbate or contribute to nail clubbing.
Assessment for nail clubbing includes examining the angle between the nail bed and the proximal fold; an angle greater than 180 degrees suggests clubbing.
Early detection of nail clubbing can prompt further investigation into underlying pulmonary or systemic conditions.
Review Questions
What are the typical clinical conditions associated with nail clubbing?
How can nutritional deficiencies impact or contribute to nail clubbing?
Describe how you would assess a patient for nail clubbing.
Related terms
Hypoxia: A deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues.
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease): A group of lung conditions that cause breathing difficulties, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Cyanosis: A bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood.