Glycemic control

Definition

Glycemic control is the management of blood glucose levels within a target range to prevent complications associated with diabetes. Effective glycemic control is crucial for maintaining overall endocrine health and preventing long-term damage to organs.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Glycemic control can be assessed using measures like fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose, and HbA1c levels.
2. Poor glycemic control can lead to both acute and chronic complications, including hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy.
3. Nutritional interventions for glycemic control include carbohydrate counting, choosing low glycemic index foods, and meal planning.
4. Insulin therapy and oral hypoglycemic agents are commonly used in conjunction with diet changes to achieve better glycemic control.
5. Regular physical activity enhances insulin sensitivity, which can improve glycemic control.

Review Questions

• What are the primary methods used to assess glycemic control?
• Name at least two complications that can arise from poor glycemic control.
• How does regular physical activity impact insulin sensitivity and glycemic control?

Related terms

Hypoglycemia:

A condition characterized by abnormally low blood glucose levels.

Hyperglycemia:

A condition where there is an excess of glucose in the bloodstream.

HbA1c:

A measure of average blood glucose levels over the past two to three months; used as an indicator of long-term glycemic control.