Cobalamin

Definition

Cobalamin, also known as Vitamin B12, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for red blood cell formation, DNA synthesis, and neurological function. It is naturally found in animal products and fortified foods.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cobalamin deficiency can lead to pernicious anemia and neurological disorders.
2. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the myelin sheath that protects nerve fibers.
3. Vitamin B12 absorption requires intrinsic factor, a protein produced in the stomach.
4. Deficiencies are more common in older adults and individuals with gastrointestinal disorders.
5. Methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin are two bioactive forms of Vitamin B12 used by the body.

Review Questions

• What are the primary neurological symptoms of cobalamin deficiency?
• How does intrinsic factor influence cobalamin absorption?
• Name two bioactive forms of Vitamin B12.

Related terms

Pernicious Anemia:

An autoimmune condition where the body cannot absorb Vitamin B12 due to lack of intrinsic factor.

Intrinsic Factor:

A glycoprotein produced in the stomach that is essential for Vitamin B12 absorption.

Myelin Sheath: The fatty layer that surrounds nerve fibers, which is maintained by adequate levels of cobalamin.