Calcium stones

Definition

Calcium stones are hard deposits primarily composed of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate that form in the kidneys. They can cause severe pain and are a common type of kidney stone.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Calcium stones account for about 80% of all kidney stones.
2. High dietary intake of sodium and protein can increase the risk of calcium stone formation.
3. Adequate hydration is crucial for preventing calcium stones.
4. Patients with hyperparathyroidism have an increased risk of developing calcium stones.
5. Diets low in oxalates (found in spinach, nuts, and tea) may help reduce the risk.

Review Questions

• What percentage of kidney stones are composed primarily of calcium?
• How does high dietary sodium intake influence the formation of calcium stones?
• Why is adequate hydration important for patients prone to kidney stones?

Related terms

Hyperparathyroidism:

A condition where the parathyroid glands produce too much hormone, leading to elevated levels of calcium in the blood.

Oxalates: Naturally occurring compounds found in many foods that can bind with calcium to form kidney stones.

Hydration:

The process of maintaining adequate fluid levels in the body, essential for preventing kidney stone formation.