Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Definition

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are medications used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure by relaxing blood vessels. They block the formation of angiotensin II, a substance that narrows blood vessels, thereby improving blood flow and reducing the workload on the heart.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. ACE inhibitors can help improve oxygen delivery to tissues by lowering blood pressure, which is beneficial for patients with pulmonary hypertension.
2. Common side effects of ACE inhibitors include cough, elevated blood potassium levels, and low blood pressure.
3. ACE inhibitors are often prescribed to manage conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to their role in improving cardiovascular health.
4. These medications can interact with potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium, leading to hyperkalemia.
5. Nutritional considerations for patients on ACE inhibitors include monitoring for adequate hydration and avoiding excessive intake of potassium-rich foods.

Review Questions

• How do ACE inhibitors help improve pulmonary wellness in patients with cardiovascular issues?
• What are some common side effects associated with ACE inhibitors?
• Why is it important for nurses to monitor potassium levels in patients taking ACE inhibitors?

Related terms

Angiotensin II: A hormone that constricts blood vessels, increasing blood pressure.

Pulmonary Hypertension: A type of high blood pressure that affects the arteries in the lungs and right side of the heart.

Hyperkalemia:

A condition characterized by elevated potassium levels in the bloodstream, which can be dangerous if not managed properly.