Chinua Achebe's 'Things Fall Apart'

Definition

'Things Fall Apart' is a seminal novel by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe, published in 1958, that explores the life of Okonkwo, a respected leader in the Igbo community, and the impact of British colonialism on traditional African society. The narrative intertwines indigenous Igbo myths, customs, and beliefs with the disruptive forces of colonial rule, showcasing the complexities of cultural identity and the clash between traditional values and modern influences.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. 'Things Fall Apart' is often regarded as one of the first African novels to gain global recognition and is pivotal in changing perceptions about African literature.
2. The character Okonkwo embodies the struggle against colonialism while also reflecting the internal conflicts of traditional masculinity within Igbo culture.
3. Achebe uses proverbs and folktales throughout the novel to emphasize Igbo wisdom and provide insight into the moral and ethical dimensions of the community.
4. The arrival of European missionaries in the story serves as a catalyst for conflict, illustrating the deep rifts created within the community as traditional beliefs clash with new ideologies.
5. Achebe's work not only critiques colonialism but also highlights the resilience and complexity of indigenous cultures, showcasing how they adapt and respond to external pressures.

Review Questions

• How does Achebe use the character of Okonkwo to represent the struggles of traditional Igbo society in the face of colonial pressures?
  • Achebe uses Okonkwo as a symbol of strength and resistance within Igbo society, embodying the values of masculinity, pride, and cultural heritage. His personal struggles reflect larger societal tensions as colonial forces disrupt traditional practices. Okonkwo's tragic downfall illustrates the broader impact of colonialism on individuals and communities, showing how rigid adherence to tradition can lead to personal and communal disintegration.
• Analyze how Achebe incorporates indigenous myths and proverbs into 'Things Fall Apart' and their significance in portraying Igbo culture.
  • Achebe weaves indigenous myths and proverbs throughout 'Things Fall Apart' to convey the depth and richness of Igbo culture. These elements serve not only to illustrate moral lessons but also to highlight the community's connection to its history and identity. By embedding these cultural references into the narrative, Achebe emphasizes the wisdom inherent in Igbo traditions while showcasing their vulnerability in the face of colonial influence.
• Evaluate the role of colonialism as depicted in 'Things Fall Apart' and its implications for cultural identity among indigenous peoples.
  • In 'Things Fall Apart,' colonialism is portrayed as a destructive force that undermines traditional Igbo society. Achebe illustrates how European missionaries and colonial administrators impose new values, creating divisions within communities and challenging established norms. This clash not only disrupts social structures but also prompts questions about cultural identity, as characters grapple with their sense of self in a rapidly changing world. Ultimately, Achebe's narrative highlights the resilience of indigenous cultures while also critiquing the complexities introduced by colonial encounters.

Related terms

Igbo Culture: The traditional practices, beliefs, and social structures of the Igbo people, one of the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria.

Colonialism: The practice of acquiring control over another country or territory, often leading to significant cultural, economic, and social changes.

Postcolonial Literature: Literature produced in response to the cultural and political impacts of colonialism, often addressing themes of identity, resistance, and cultural reclamation.