Peter Gabriel's Biko

Definition

Peter Gabriel's 'Biko' is a protest song released in 1980 that pays tribute to South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko, who died in police custody. The song became an anthem for the anti-apartheid movement, highlighting the brutality of apartheid and promoting awareness of the struggle for racial equality in South Africa. Gabriel's use of evocative lyrics and a compelling melody helped to draw international attention to the injustices faced by black South Africans during this oppressive regime.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. 'Biko' was released on Gabriel's album 'Peter Gabriel' (also known as 'Scratch') and has since become one of his signature songs.
2. The song's lyrics are inspired by the life and death of Steve Biko, emphasizing themes of resistance and sacrifice in the fight against oppression.
3. Gabriel performed 'Biko' at various benefit concerts to raise awareness for the anti-apartheid cause and support organizations fighting against racial injustice.
4. The music video for 'Biko' featured powerful imagery related to apartheid and has been used as an educational tool to promote understanding of South Africa's struggles.
5. 'Biko' is often credited with helping to galvanize international support for the anti-apartheid movement, making it a critical piece of cultural activism during that time.

Review Questions

• How did Peter Gabriel's 'Biko' contribute to raising awareness about the anti-apartheid movement?
  • 'Biko' served as a powerful medium for raising awareness about the injustices faced by black South Africans under apartheid. By telling the story of Steve Biko through evocative lyrics and stirring music, Gabriel was able to connect emotionally with listeners around the world. The song's success on international charts brought attention to the realities of apartheid, helping to mobilize global support for the movement.
• Discuss how 'Biko' reflects the cultural boycott of South Africa during apartheid.
  • 'Biko' is a direct response to the cultural boycott against South Africa, as it emphasizes solidarity with those oppressed by apartheid. The song became a rallying cry for artists worldwide who refused to perform in South Africa as a form of protest. Gabriel's choice to spotlight Biko’s story through his music played a significant role in spreading awareness about the need for change while supporting the broader goals of the cultural boycott.
• Evaluate the impact of Peter Gabriel's 'Biko' on international perceptions of apartheid and how it influenced future activism.
  • 'Biko' significantly shaped international perceptions of apartheid by personalizing its impact through Steve Biko's narrative. By combining music with activism, Gabriel not only informed listeners about apartheid but also inspired future generations of artists and activists. The song demonstrated how cultural expressions could effect change, leading to greater involvement in global movements advocating for social justice and human rights long after its release.

Related terms

Steve Biko: A South African anti-apartheid activist and leader of the Black Consciousness Movement, who was arrested and died in police custody in 1977, becoming a martyr for the anti-apartheid struggle.

Cultural Boycott: A movement aimed at isolating South Africa culturally and artistically during apartheid, where artists and performers refused to engage with or perform in the country as a means of protest.

Anti-Apartheid Movement: A global campaign against apartheid in South Africa that sought to end racial segregation and discrimination through various means, including protests, boycotts, and music.