Microbiology

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XDR-TB

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Microbiology

Definition

XDR-TB stands for Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, a form of tuberculosis that is resistant to at least four of the core anti-TB drugs. It is more challenging to treat than multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) and poses a significant public health threat.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. XDR-TB is resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, the two most potent TB drugs.
  2. It is also resistant to any fluoroquinolone and at least one of three injectable second-line drugs: amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin.
  3. Treatment for XDR-TB requires the use of less effective or more toxic drugs, often resulting in longer treatment durations and lower success rates.
  4. The emergence of XDR-TB highlights the importance of proper drug administration and adherence to treatment regimens to avoid resistance development.
  5. Diagnostic tools such as molecular tests are crucial for the early detection and management of XDR-TB.

Review Questions

  • What does XDR-TB stand for and how does it differ from MDR-TB?
  • Why is treatment of XDR-TB more challenging compared to regular TB?
  • What are some key factors contributing to the development of XDR-TB?

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