Western blot is a lab technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample through gel electrophoresis and antibodies. It is widely utilized for confirming the presence of viral proteins and immune responses.
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Western blotting involves separating proteins based on their molecular weight using gel electrophoresis.
After separation, proteins are transferred onto a membrane, usually made of nitrocellulose or PVDF.
Primary antibodies are used to bind to the target protein, followed by secondary antibodies that enable detection.
The technique can be used to confirm the results of an ELISA test by verifying the presence of specific antigens or antibodies.
Western blot is crucial in diagnosing infections like HIV by detecting viral proteins.