Vaginal microbiota

Definition

Vaginal microbiota refers to the community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, that inhabit the vaginal environment. This microbial ecosystem plays a crucial role in maintaining vaginal health and preventing infections.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lactobacillus species dominate the healthy vaginal microbiota by producing lactic acid, which maintains an acidic pH.
2. An imbalance in the vaginal microbiota can lead to bacterial vaginosis, characterized by a decrease in Lactobacillus and an increase in anaerobic bacteria.
3. The composition of the vaginal microbiota can be influenced by factors such as hormonal changes, sexual activity, antibiotics, and hygiene practices.
4. A healthy vaginal microbiota helps protect against pathogens like Candida albicans and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
5. Probiotics containing Lactobacillus strains are often recommended to restore and maintain a healthy vaginal microbiota.

Review Questions

• What role do Lactobacillus species play in the vaginal microbiota?
• How can an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota affect reproductive health?
• What factors can influence the composition of the vaginal microbiota?

Related terms

Bacterial Vaginosis:

A condition resulting from an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota with symptoms like discharge and odor.

Candida albicans:

A type of yeast that can cause infections when there is an imbalance in the microbial environment.

Probiotics:

Live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed, often used to restore normal microbial balance.