Urine

Definition

Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and many animals. It is produced by the kidneys and excreted through the urinary tract.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Urine contains antimicrobial properties that help to flush out pathogens from the urinary tract.
2. The acidity of urine can inhibit bacterial growth, serving as a chemical defense mechanism.
3. Urea present in urine can have bacteriostatic effects, preventing bacteria from multiplying.
4. Urine flow helps to physically remove microbes from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of infection.
5. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are often studied in microbiology to understand how pathogens can overcome these natural defenses.

Review Questions

• What antimicrobial properties are present in urine?
• How does the acidity of urine contribute to its role as a chemical defense?
• Why is urea considered bacteriostatic?

Related terms

Kidneys: Organs responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.

Urea: A nitrogen-containing compound found in urine with bacteriostatic properties.

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): An infection that occurs when bacteria enter the urinary tract, overcoming its natural defenses.