TMP/SMZ

Definition

TMP/SMZ, also known as Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, is a combination antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It inhibits bacterial synthesis of folic acid, essential for DNA replication and cell survival.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. TMP/SMZ is effective against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
2. It is commonly used to treat skin infections, such as MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus).
3. This antibiotic combination is also used for gastrointestinal infections like traveler's diarrhea caused by E. coli.
4. TMP/SMZ works synergistically by inhibiting two consecutive steps in the bacterial folate synthesis pathway.
5. Patients with a sulfa allergy should avoid TMP/SMZ due to potential severe allergic reactions.

Review Questions

• What types of bacteria are targeted by TMP/SMZ?
• Why is TMP/SMZ effective in treating MRSA skin infections?
• What precautions should be taken for patients with sulfa allergies when prescribing TMP/SMZ?

Related terms

Folate Synthesis Pathway: A biochemical pathway that produces folic acid, which is essential for DNA synthesis in bacteria.

MRSA:

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a type of staph bacteria resistant to many antibiotics.

Traveler's Diarrhea: A digestive tract disorder commonly caused by consuming contaminated food or water during travel.