Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Definition

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks healthy tissue, causing inflammation and damage to various body systems. It can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, and other organs.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. SLE involves the production of autoantibodies that target nuclear components such as DNA and RNA.
2. The diagnosis of SLE often includes antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing due to its high sensitivity for the disease.
3. Genetic factors play a significant role in SLE susceptibility, with certain gene variants linked to increased risk.
4. Environmental triggers like UV light exposure and infections can exacerbate SLE symptoms.
5. Treatment for SLE typically involves immunosuppressive drugs to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms.

Review Questions

• What types of autoantibodies are commonly produced in patients with SLE?
• How is antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing used in diagnosing SLE?
• Which environmental factors are known to trigger or worsen symptoms of SLE?

Related terms

Autoantibodies:

Antibodies produced by the immune system that mistakenly target and react with a person's own tissues.

Antinuclear Antibody (ANA): A type of autoantibody that targets substances found in the nucleus of cells, commonly used in diagnosing autoimmune diseases like SLE.

Immunosuppressive Drugs: Medications that inhibit or prevent activity of the immune system, often used to treat autoimmune conditions.