Streptobacillus moniliformis

Definition

Streptobacillus moniliformis is a gram-negative, pleomorphic bacterium primarily known for causing rat-bite fever. It can lead to severe systemic infections if not treated promptly.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Streptobacillus moniliformis is commonly transmitted through bites or scratches from rodents, particularly rats.
2. Symptoms of infection include fever, chills, muscle pain, and rash, typically appearing within 3-10 days after exposure.
3. Diagnosis often involves culturing the organism from blood or joint fluid samples.
4. Effective treatment generally includes antibiotics like penicillin or doxycycline.
5. Rat-bite fever caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis can result in serious complications such as endocarditis and septic arthritis if left untreated.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mode of transmission for Streptobacillus moniliformis?
• What are the common symptoms associated with Streptobacillus moniliformis infection?
• Which antibiotics are most effective in treating infections caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis?

Related terms

Endocarditis:

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves, often due to bacterial infection.

Septic Arthritis: Joint inflammation caused by a bacterial infection that leads to severe pain and swelling.

Gram-Negative Bacteria: A classification of bacteria that do not retain crystal violet dye in the Gram staining protocol; they have a unique cell wall structure making them more resistant to certain antibiotics.