Staphylococcus

Definition

Staphylococcus is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria known for their spherical shape and tendency to form clusters resembling grapes. They are commonly found on the skin and in the nasal passages of humans.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen causing skin infections, including impetigo, cellulitis, and abscesses.
2. MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is a type of Staphylococcus that is resistant to many antibiotics, making it difficult to treat.
3. Staphylococcus epidermidis is part of the normal microbiota of the skin but can cause infections in immunocompromised individuals or those with medical devices.
4. Staphylococcal toxins can lead to conditions such as toxic shock syndrome and food poisoning.
5. Proper hygiene and wound care are essential in preventing staphylococcal infections.

Review Questions

• What are the primary diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus?
• How does MRSA differ from other types of Staphylococcus?
• Why is Staphylococcus epidermidis usually considered harmless but can become pathogenic?

Related terms

Gram-Positive Bacteria: Bacteria that have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls and retain the crystal violet stain used in Gram's method.

Normal Microbiota: The collection of microorganisms that reside on or within various parts of the human body without causing disease under normal conditions.

Toxic Shock Syndrome:

A severe illness caused by staphylococcal toxins characterized by high fever, rash, low blood pressure, and organ failure.