Quaternary ammonium salts (quats)

Definition

Quaternary ammonium salts (quats) are cationic surfactants used as disinfectants in various settings. They disrupt microbial cell membranes, leading to cell death.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Quats are effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
2. They work by disrupting the cell membrane integrity of microorganisms.
3. Quats are commonly found in household disinfectants and healthcare settings for surface sanitation.
4. Some microbes can develop resistance to quats through adaptive mechanisms.
5. They are less effective against spores and certain non-enveloped viruses.

Review Questions

• How do quaternary ammonium salts (quats) kill microorganisms?
• In what type of products would you commonly find quats being used?
• What limitations do quats have in terms of microbial control?

Related terms

Disinfectant: A chemical agent used to eliminate or reduce harmful microorganisms on surfaces.

Surfactant: A substance that lowers the surface tension between two substances, such as liquid and solid.

Antiseptic:

A chemical agent applied to living tissue to reduce the possibility of infection.