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A promoter is a DNA sequence that initiates gene transcription by providing a binding site for RNA polymerase. It is essential for the regulation and expression of genes.
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RNA Polymerase: An enzyme that binds to promoters and synthesizes RNA from a DNA template.
Operon: A cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter, transcribed as a unit.
Sigma Factor: A protein needed for initiation of transcription in prokaryotes, facilitating RNA polymerase binding to promoters.