Phospholipase C

Definition

Phospholipase C is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids into diacylglycerol and inositol trisphosphate. It plays a key role in cell signaling pathways and can be a virulence factor for certain bacteria.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Phospholipase C is involved in the degradation of host cell membranes, aiding bacterial invasion.
2. It is produced by several pathogenic bacteria, including Clostridium perfringens and Listeria monocytogenes.
3. In skin infections, phospholipase C can contribute to tissue damage and inflammation.
4. For eye infections, this enzyme disrupts cellular barriers, facilitating the spread of infection.
5. Phospholipase C activity can lead to increased intracellular calcium levels, which may trigger various cellular responses.

Review Questions

• What role does phospholipase C play in bacterial infections?
• Name two pathogenic bacteria that produce phospholipase C.
• How does phospholipase C affect host cell membranes?

Related terms

Diacylglycerol (DAG): A lipid molecule produced by the action of phospholipase C that acts as a secondary messenger in cell signaling.

Inositol trisphosphate (IP3): A molecule generated by phospholipase C activity that helps release calcium from intracellular stores.

Virulence Factor: Molecules produced by pathogens that contribute to their ability to cause disease.