Periodontitis

Definition

Periodontitis is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and destroys the bone supporting your teeth. It is caused by bacterial accumulation and can lead to tooth loss if untreated.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Periodontitis is primarily caused by Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis.
2. The progression of periodontitis involves the formation of periodontal pockets due to inflammation and detachment of gums from teeth.
3. Risk factors include poor oral hygiene, smoking, genetic susceptibility, and certain systemic diseases like diabetes.
4. It triggers an inflammatory response that leads to the destruction of the connective tissues and alveolar bone.
5. Treatment often involves scaling and root planing, antibiotics, and in severe cases, surgical interventions.

Review Questions

• What type of bacteria are most commonly associated with periodontitis?
• How does periodontitis contribute to tooth loss?
• Name two risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing periodontitis.

Related terms

Gingivitis: A milder form of gum disease that causes irritation, redness, and swelling of your gingiva.

Porphyromonas gingivalis: A Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium commonly associated with periodontitis.

Scaling and Root Planing: A deep-cleaning procedure used to treat periodontal disease by removing plaque and tartar from below the gum line.