Otitis

Definition

Otitis is an inflammation or infection of the ear, commonly caused by bacterial or viral pathogens. It can affect the outer, middle, or inner ear and often results in pain, swelling, and potential hearing loss.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Otitis media is particularly common in children due to their shorter and more horizontal Eustachian tubes.
2. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are frequent bacterial agents causing otitis media.
3. Symptoms of otitis include ear pain, fever, irritability, and fluid drainage from the ear.
4. Antibiotics are commonly prescribed for bacterial otitis media, while viral cases typically resolve on their own.
5. Complications of untreated otitis may include hearing loss, tympanic membrane rupture, and mastoiditis.

Review Questions

• What are the most common bacterial pathogens responsible for otitis media?
• Why are children more susceptible to developing otitis media compared to adults?
• What are the potential complications if otitis is left untreated?

Related terms

Eustachian Tube: A canal that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx and helps equalize pressure.

Tympanic Membrane: The membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear; also known as the eardrum.

Mastoiditis: Inflammation of the mastoid bone, often resulting from untreated or severe middle ear infections.