Oral thrush

Definition

Oral thrush is a fungal infection in the mouth caused by the overgrowth of Candida species, most commonly Candida albicans. It manifests as white lesions on the tongue and inner cheeks, sometimes leading to discomfort and difficulty swallowing.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Oral thrush is often treated with antifungal medications such as nystatin or fluconazole.
2. A weakened immune system, antibiotic use, and diabetes are common risk factors for developing oral thrush.
3. Candida albicans, the primary causative agent of oral thrush, is part of the normal flora but can become pathogenic under certain conditions.
4. The diagnosis of oral thrush typically involves clinical examination and may be confirmed by scraping lesions for microscopic analysis.
5. Preventive measures include maintaining good oral hygiene and managing underlying health conditions that predispose to infection.

Review Questions

• What are the common symptoms of oral thrush?
• Which microorganism is primarily responsible for causing oral thrush?
• Name two risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing oral thrush.

Related terms

Antifungal Drugs: Medications used to treat fungal infections by inhibiting fungal growth or killing fungi.

Candida Albicans: A type of yeast that is a common cause of fungal infections in humans, including oral thrush.

Opportunistic Infection: An infection caused by pathogens that take advantage of an opportunity not normally available, such as a weakened immune system.