Ofloxacin

Definition

Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections by inhibiting DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are essential for bacterial DNA replication. It is commonly prescribed for urogenital system infections.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ofloxacin is effective against a broad spectrum of Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria.
2. It is often used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia.
3. Resistance to ofloxacin can develop if the drug is misused or overprescribed, making it important to follow dosage guidelines strictly.
4. Common side effects include nausea, dizziness, headache, and gastrointestinal discomfort.
5. Ofloxacin should not be used in pregnant women or children due to potential adverse effects on developing cartilage.

Review Questions

• What are the primary mechanisms by which ofloxacin inhibits bacterial growth?
• Which types of infections are commonly treated with ofloxacin within the urogenital system?
• Why should ofloxacin be avoided in pregnant women and children?

Related terms

Fluoroquinolone: A class of antibiotics that includes drugs like ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, known for inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis.

DNA Gyrase:

An enzyme targeted by fluoroquinolones, crucial for relieving strain during DNA replication.

Topoisomerase IV:

An enzyme involved in separating replicated chromosomal DNA into daughter cells, also inhibited by fluoroquinolones.