Murein, also known as peptidoglycan, is a polymer that forms a protective layer outside the plasma membrane of most bacteria. It provides structural strength and shape to the cell.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Murein is composed of sugar chains cross-linked by short peptides.
It is essential for maintaining cell shape and preventing osmotic lysis in bacterial cells.
The structure of murein varies between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Enzymes like lysozyme can break down murein, leading to cell lysis.
Antibiotics such as penicillin target the synthesis of murein, inhibiting bacterial growth.
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Related terms
Gram-positive bacteria: Bacteria with thick layers of murein in their cell walls.
Gram-negative bacteria: Bacteria with thin layers of murein located between an inner and outer membrane.