Lysogenic cycle

Definition

The lysogenic cycle is a viral reproductive cycle in which the viral DNA is incorporated into the host cell's genome, where it can remain dormant for an extended period. It does not immediately destroy the host cell.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. During the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA integrates into the host's chromosome and is replicated along with it.
2. The integrated viral DNA, known as a prophage, can be triggered to enter the lytic cycle under certain conditions.
3. Lysogeny allows viruses to persist in host organisms without killing them, facilitating long-term propagation.
4. The lysogenic cycle contributes to horizontal gene transfer among bacteria through transduction.
5. Some environmental factors like UV light or stress can induce the transition from lysogenic to lytic cycle.

Review Questions

• What happens to viral DNA during the lysogenic cycle?
• Under what conditions might a prophage enter the lytic cycle?
• How does the lysogenic cycle contribute to genetic diversity in bacteria?

Related terms

Lytic Cycle: A viral reproductive cycle in which viruses replicate rapidly within and then lyse their host cells.

Prophage: Viral DNA that has been incorporated into a bacterial host’s genome during lysogeny.

Transduction: A process of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria facilitated by bacteriophages.