Lysogenic conversion

Definition

Lysogenic conversion is a process where a bacterium acquires new genetic traits from a temperate phage during lysogeny. These new traits can sometimes enhance bacterial virulence or other characteristics.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lysogenic conversion results from the integration of phage DNA into the bacterial genome.
2. It can lead to increased pathogenicity in bacteria, such as toxin production.
3. The prophage (integrated phage DNA) can be dormant and replicate with the host cell until it enters the lytic cycle.
4. An example is Corynebacterium diphtheriae acquiring the diphtheria toxin gene through lysogenic conversion.
5. Antibiotic resistance genes can also be transferred to bacteria via lysogenic conversion.

Review Questions

• What role does a temperate phage play in lysogenic conversion?
• How does lysogenic conversion increase bacterial virulence?
• Give an example of a bacterium that has acquired a toxin gene through lysogenic conversion.

Related terms

Bacteriophage:

A virus that infects and replicates within bacteria.

Prophage:

Phage DNA integrated into the bacterial genome during lysogeny.

Lytic Cycle:

A viral replication cycle resulting in the destruction of the host cell and release of new virions.