Lymphatic filariasis

Definition

Lymphatic filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by microscopic, thread-like worms that infect the lymphatic system, leading to severe inflammation and chronic swelling. It is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The primary causative agents of lymphatic filariasis are Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori.
2. Lymphatic filariasis can cause lymphedema (swelling) and elephantiasis (thickening of the skin and tissues).
3. The disease disrupts the normal function of the lymphatic system, which plays a critical role in immune response and fluid balance.
4. Diagnosis typically involves detecting microfilariae in blood samples using microscopy or antigen detection tests.
5. Preventative measures include using mosquito nets, insect repellents, and mass drug administration programs in endemic areas.

Review Questions

• What are the primary pathogens that cause lymphatic filariasis?
• How does lymphatic filariasis affect the body's immune response?
• What are some preventative strategies for controlling the spread of lymphatic filariasis?

Related terms

Innate Immunity:

A non-specific defense mechanism activated immediately or within hours of an antigen's appearance.

Inflammation:

A biological response to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens or damaged cells, characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain.

Fever:

An elevated body temperature often due to infection or inflammation as part of the body's immune response.