Loiasis

Definition

Loiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the filarial nematode Loa loa, commonly known as the African eye worm. It primarily affects the skin and eyes of humans.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Loiasis is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected deerfly (Chrysops species).
2. Patients with loiasis often experience Calabar swellings, which are localized subcutaneous swellings.
3. The adult Loa loa worms can migrate across the eye, which can be visibly observed and cause significant discomfort.
4. Diagnosis often involves identifying microfilariae in blood samples, especially during daytime when their presence peaks.
5. Treatment typically includes antiparasitic medications such as diethylcarbamazine (DEC) or ivermectin.

Review Questions

• What is the causative agent of loiasis?
• How is loiasis transmitted?
• What are Calabar swellings and how are they related to loiasis?

Related terms

Onchocerciasis: A parasitic disease caused by Onchocerca volvulus, also known as river blindness.

Filariasis: A group of tropical diseases caused by thread-like filarial nematodes.

Microfilariae:

The larval stage of filarial worms that circulate in the bloodstream.