key term - Lancefield

Definition

Lancefield classification is a system used to categorize certain types of bacteria, particularly streptococci, based on the carbohydrate composition of bacterial antigens found on their cell walls. This system is crucial for identifying pathogenic species and understanding their role in infections.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lancefield groups are primarily used to classify beta-hemolytic streptococci.
2. The classification divides streptococci into groups A through V, with some groups being more clinically significant.
3. Group A Streptococcus (GAS) includes Streptococcus pyogenes, which causes strep throat and other severe infections.
4. Lancefield grouping relies on serological methods to detect specific cell wall antigens.
5. This classification aids in diagnosing respiratory tract infections and guiding appropriate antibiotic treatments.

Review Questions

Related terms

Beta-hemolytic streptococci: A type of streptococci that completely lyses red blood cells, forming clear zones around colonies.

Serological methods: Techniques used to identify antibodies and antigens in a sample for diagnostic purposes.

Streptococcus pyogenes:

A bacterium that belongs to Group A in the Lancefield classification and is responsible for a variety of infections including strep throat.