Jaundice

Definition

Jaundice is a medical condition characterized by the yellowing of the skin and eyes due to elevated bilirubin levels in the blood. It often indicates underlying issues with the liver, bile ducts, or red blood cells.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Jaundice can result from infections such as hepatitis, which affects the liver's ability to process bilirubin.
2. In newborns, jaundice is common and usually resolves without treatment; however, severe cases may require phototherapy.
3. Biliary obstruction, caused by conditions like gallstones or tumors, can lead to jaundice by preventing bile excretion.
4. Hemolytic anemia, where red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be produced, can cause jaundice due to increased bilirubin production.
5. Laboratory analysis for jaundice includes measuring serum bilirubin levels and liver function tests.

Review Questions

• What are some common causes of jaundice related to infections?
• How does hemolytic anemia contribute to the development of jaundice?
• What laboratory tests are typically used to diagnose and assess jaundice?

Related terms

Hepatitis: An inflammation of the liver that can cause jaundice.

Bilirubin: A yellow compound created during the normal breakdown of red blood cells.

Phototherapy: A treatment using light to reduce bilirubin levels in newborns with jaundice.