Infectious arthritis

Definition

Infectious arthritis, also known as septic arthritis, is an inflammation of a joint caused by infection from bacteria, viruses, or fungi. It leads to joint pain, swelling, and sometimes fever, requiring prompt medical treatment.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Infectious arthritis is most commonly caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species.
2. This condition primarily affects large joints like the knees and hips but can involve any joint.
3. Diagnosis often involves joint fluid analysis through arthrocentesis to identify the infectious agent.
4. Treatment typically includes antibiotics for bacterial causes and drainage of infected joint fluid.
5. If left untreated, infectious arthritis can lead to permanent joint damage.

Review Questions

• What are the common causative agents of infectious arthritis?
• What diagnostic procedure is used to identify the pathogen in infectious arthritis?
• Why is prompt treatment essential for infectious arthritis?

Related terms

Arthrocentesis: A procedure where a needle is inserted into a joint to collect synovial fluid for analysis.

Septicemia:

A serious bloodstream infection that can spread pathogens throughout the body.

Osteomyelitis: An infection in a bone that can occur alongside or from complications of infectious arthritis.