A haploid cell contains a single set of unpaired chromosomes, totaling half the number found in diploid cells. This is the typical chromosomal configuration of gametes (sperm and egg cells) in sexually reproducing organisms.
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Haploid cells have one complete set of chromosomes (n), whereas diploid cells have two sets (2n).
In humans, the haploid number is 23, which includes 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome.
Meiosis is the process that produces haploid gametes from diploid precursor cells.
Fertilization restores the diploid state by combining two haploid gametes to form a zygote.
Haploidy is crucial for maintaining genetic diversity through sexual reproduction.
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Related terms
Diploid: A cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes.