Foliose lichens

Definition

Foliose lichens are a type of lichen with a leaf-like, flat structure that grows parallel to the substrate. They have distinct upper and lower surfaces and can often be seen loosely attached to their substrate.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Foliose lichens have a two-layered thallus structure, making them easily distinguishable from crustose and fruticose lichens.
2. They engage in mutualistic relationships with algae or cyanobacteria, providing photosynthetic capabilities.
3. Foliose lichens are sensitive to air pollution, often used as bioindicators for environmental monitoring.
4. They reproduce both sexually through fungal spores and asexually via soredia or isidia.
5. Common habitats include tree bark, rocks, and soil in various environments ranging from forests to urban areas.

Review Questions

• What structural feature distinguishes foliose lichens from other types of lichens?
• How do foliose lichens contribute to their ecosystems?
• What methods do foliose lichens use for reproduction?

Related terms

Crustose Lichens: Lichens that form a crust-like growth tightly attached to the substrate.

Fruticose Lichens: Lichens with a bushy or hair-like appearance that grow perpendicular to the substrate.

Thallus:

The body of a lichen which includes the symbiotic relationship between fungi and photosynthetic partners.