Flavivirus

Definition

Flavivirus is a genus of viruses in the family Flaviviridae, typically transmitted by arthropods such as mosquitoes and ticks. These viruses are known to cause various serious diseases affecting the circulatory and lymphatic systems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Flaviviruses include significant human pathogens such as dengue virus, Zika virus, West Nile virus, and yellow fever virus.
2. They primarily spread through the bites of infected mosquitoes or ticks, making vector control an essential public health measure.
3. Symptoms can range from mild febrile illness to severe conditions like hemorrhagic fever and encephalitis.
4. The viral genome is composed of single-stranded positive-sense RNA.
5. Vaccines are available for some flaviviruses, such as yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis.

Review Questions

• What are the primary vectors responsible for the transmission of flaviviruses?
• Name at least three diseases caused by flaviviruses.
• Describe the type of genetic material found in flaviviruses.

Related terms

Arbovirus:

A virus transmitted by arthropod vectors like mosquitoes and ticks.

Dengue Virus: A member of the Flavivirus genus causing dengue fever, transmitted mainly by Aedes mosquitoes.

Encephalitis: Inflammation of the brain often caused by viral infections including those from flaviviruses.