Fc region

Definition

The Fc region is the tail part of an antibody that interacts with cell surface receptors and complement proteins. It plays a crucial role in modulating immune responses.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Fc region is important for binding to Fc receptors on immune cells such as macrophages and natural killer cells.
2. It is involved in activating the complement system, which helps clear pathogens from an organism.
3. Different classes of antibodies (IgG, IgA, IgM, etc.) have distinct Fc regions that determine their specific functions.
4. The interaction between the Fc region and Fc receptors can trigger processes like phagocytosis and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).
5. Mutations or alterations in the Fc region can affect an antibody's efficacy and its ability to mediate immune responses.

Review Questions

• What role does the Fc region play in the activation of the complement system?
• How does the Fc region contribute to processes like phagocytosis?
• Explain how different classes of antibodies have distinct functions due to their unique Fc regions.

Related terms

Antibody:

A protein produced by B cells that recognizes and binds to specific antigens.

Fc Receptor: A protein found on the surface of certain immune cells that binds to the Fc region of antibodies.

Complement System:

A group of proteins in blood plasma that enhance immune responses by opsonizing pathogens or causing their destruction.