DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new strands of DNA using a template strand during DNA replication. It plays a critical role in copying the genetic material accurately and efficiently.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3' end of a growing DNA strand, ensuring the formation of phosphodiester bonds.
There are different types of DNA polymerases with specific functions, such as DNA polymerase I, II, and III in prokaryotes.
DNA polymerase has proofreading activity that helps correct errors during DNA replication by removing incorrectly paired nucleotides.
In eukaryotic cells, multiple DNA polymerases like alpha, delta, and epsilon are involved in various stages of DNA replication.
Mutations in genes encoding DNA polymerases can lead to genetic disorders and increased susceptibility to certain cancers.