Disinfection is the process of eliminating or reducing harmful microorganisms from inanimate objects and surfaces. It does not necessarily kill all microorganisms, especially resistant bacterial spores.
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Disinfection targets pathogenic microorganisms to prevent infection.
Chemical agents such as alcohols, chlorine compounds, and phenolics are commonly used for disinfection.
The effectiveness of a disinfectant can be influenced by concentration, contact time, and the presence of organic matter.
Disinfectants are classified into high-level, intermediate-level, and low-level based on their spectrum of activity.
Unlike sterilization, disinfection does not achieve complete microbial eradication.