key term - Conditional mutation

Definition

A conditional mutation is a type of genetic alteration that results in a phenotype that is only expressed under specific environmental conditions. These mutations can be useful for studying gene function when the normal function is essential for survival.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Conditional mutations allow researchers to study essential genes by controlling the environment.
2. One common form of conditional mutation is the temperature-sensitive mutation, where gene expression changes at different temperatures.
3. These mutations can cause a gene to be functional under one condition but non-functional under another, often reversible based on environmental changes.
4. They are particularly useful in studying microbial genetics because they enable the observation of otherwise lethal phenotypes.
5. Conditional mutations are often used in genetic screens to identify genes involved in specific pathways or processes.

Review Questions

Related terms

Missense Mutation:

A point mutation that results in a single amino acid change within a protein.

Temperature-Sensitive Mutation: A type of conditional mutation where the phenotype varies with temperature.

Lethal Mutation: A genetic change that leads to death or significantly reduced fitness under all conditions.